Dynamics of water quality at different stocking densities and its effect on the growth of Vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) under intensive culture at PT Shihe Udang Industry Indonesia

Ainul Qadri; Ninis Trisyani; Nurul Rosana; Irma Faldila

doi:10.55942/pssj.v6i3.1679

Authors

Ainul Qadri Universitas Hang Tuah Surabaya
Ninis Trisyani Universitas Hang Tuah Surabaya
Nurul Rosana Universitas Hang Tuah Surabaya
Irma Faldila PT. Shihe Udang Industry Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55942/pssj.v6i3.1679

Keywords:

growth, production yield, Vannamei shrimp, water quality dynamics

Abstract

Vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is a leading aquaculture commodity in Indonesia, with high market demand for both domestic consumption and export. However, cultivation continues to fail, primarily due to water quality problems. Water-quality parameters play a crucial role in the ecosystem of intensive shrimp ponds. This study aimed to determine the effect of stocking density on water quality and production outcomes. The research was conducted over one shrimp culture cycle at PT Shihe Udang Industry Indonesia. The results showed that the water-quality dynamics in all three observed ponds tended to increase as the day of culture progressed, and the parameters that most strongly influenced shrimp growth and production were NH4⁺, total organic matter, and total Vibrio count. The data indicate that higher stocking densities strongly affect water quality: Pond A1 (361 shrimp/m²) had more stable water quality than ponds A5 (637 shrimp/m²) and C (1,296 shrimp/m²). Production in Pond A1 was the most optimal at 11,220.31 kg, with a survival rate of 68% and a feed conversion ratio of 1.47. The lowest production occurred in Pond C at 1,484.56 kg, with a survival rate of 25% and a feed conversion ratio of 2.43. The poor production performance in Pond C was driven by the very high stocking density, which deteriorated water quality; the high total Vibrio count also contributed to shrimp mortality.

Author Biographies

Ainul Qadri, Universitas Hang Tuah Surabaya

Ainul Qadri is a researcher in the field of aquaculture with a focus on water quality management, intensive shrimp culture systems, and the relationship between stocking density and growth performance. His research interests include environmental dynamics in aquaculture systems, organic matter accumulation, microbial ecology in shrimp ponds, feed efficiency analysis, and sustainable shrimp production practices.

Ninis Trisyani, Universitas Hang Tuah Surabaya

Ninis Trisyani is a lecturer and researcher specializing in aquaculture science and aquatic environmental management. Her academic work concentrates on water quality monitoring, aquatic ecosystem stability, shrimp nutrition and growth performance, and the development of sustainable aquaculture strategies under intensive production systems.

Nurul Rosana, Universitas Hang Tuah Surabaya

Nurul Rosana is an academic researcher in the field of fisheries and aquaculture with an emphasis on environmental carrying capacity, culture system optimization, and applied aquaculture research methodologies. Her research interests include water quality modeling, culture management strategies, and productivity analysis in intensive aquaculture systems.

Irma Faldila, PT. Shihe Udang Industry Indonesia

Irma Faldila is a practitioner and aquaculture professional at PT. Shihe Udang Industry Indonesia with expertise in intensive shrimp farming management. Her professional focus includes production efficiency, water circulation management, disease prevention strategies, feed management optimization, and operational quality control in commercial shrimp culture systems.

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