Identification and control of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) risks in the slope and drainage reinforcement project on the Paksebali – Selat Provincial Road Section

I Nyoman Indra Kumara ORCID , I Gede Agus Suparta , I Komang Agus Ariana , I Gede Fery Surya Tapa ORCID
DOI: https://doi.org/10.55942/pssj.v6i3.1502
79 views 0 cited
📄 Published: 04 Mar 2026

Abstract

The slope and drainage reinforcement project on the Paksebali–Selat Provincial Road section involves a relatively high potential for Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) risks due to excavation works, concrete casting, the use of heavy equipment, and hazardous working environment conditions. This study aims to identify extreme and high risks that may lead to work accidents and to determine appropriate OHS risk control measures for the project. The research method employed is a quantitative descriptive approach, with data collected through field observations, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation studies. Risk assessment was conducted based on the AS/NZS 4360 standard by multiplying the probability and severity levels, whereas risk control was analyzed using the Plan–Do–Check–Act (PDCA) cycle approach. The results indicated that the risks identified in this project fell into the extreme and high-risk categories, particularly in excavation works, road shoulder concrete casting, and heavy equipment mobilization. Potential hazards included landslides, being struck by equipment, and accidents caused by improper work methods. Risk control measures were implemented through improvements in work methods, enforcement of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) usage, enhanced supervision, installation of safety signs, and the regular implementation of training and safety meetings. The application of appropriate risk control measures is expected to minimize workplace accidents and improve overall project safety performance.

Keywords: Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Risk Management Road Construction Project

References

Badri, A., Gbodossou, A., & Nadeau, S. (2012). Occupational health and safety risks: Towards the integration into project management. Safety Science, 50(2), 190–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2011.08.008

Bourahla, A., Fernandes, G., & Ferreira, L. M. D. F. (2024). Managing occupational health and safety risks in construction projects to achieve social sustainability: A review of literature. Procedia Computer Science, 239, 1053–1061. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2024.06.269

BPJS Ketenagakerjaan. (2017). Data kecelakaan kerja di Indonesia. BPJS Ketenagakerjaan.

Costella, M. F., Dalcanton, F., Cardinal, S. M., Vilbert, S. S., & Pelegrini, G. A. (2020). Maintenance, occupational health and safety: a systematic review of the literature. Gestão & Produção, 27(2), e3922

Godfrey, P. S. (1996). Control of risk: A guide to the systematic management of risk from construction. Construction Industry Research and Information Association (CIRIA).

Guo, S., Ding, L., Luo, H., & Jiang, X. (2022). Dynamic safety risk analysis of road construction projects considering environmental uncertainty. Automation in Construction, 134, 104064.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2021.104064

He, S., Wang, J., & Zhang, L. (2022). Rainfall-induced slope instability and construction safety risk in mountainous road projects. Engineering Geology, 306, 106734.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2022.106734

Li, R. Y. M., Tang, B., & Chau, K. W. (2023). Occupational safety risks in infrastructure construction: A systematic review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 385, 135692.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.135692

Low, B. K. L., Man, S. S., Chan, A. H. S., & Alabdulkarim, S. (2019). Construction worker risk-taking behavior model with individual and organizational factors. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(8), 1335. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16081335

Soltanzadeh, A., Mahdinia, M., Jafarinia, E., Golmohammadpour, H., & Sadeghi-Yarandi, M. (2023). Occupational safety risk analysis in construction sites based on fuzzy analytic hierarchy process: A case study in a large construction project. Work, 76(2), 771-782.

Susanti, R. (2022). Identifikasi dan penanganan risiko K3 pada proyek jalan. Jurnal Teknik Sipil, 27(2), 55–68.

Wang, Y., Chen, H., Liu, B., Yang, M., & Long, Q. (2020). A systematic review on the research progress and evolving trends of occupational health and safety management: A bibliometric analysis of mapping knowledge domains. Frontiers in public health, 8, 81.

Wong, T. K. M., Man, S. S., & Chan, A. H. S. (2020). Critical factors for the use or non-use of personal protective equipment amongst construction workers. Safety Science, 126, 104663. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2020.104663

Yiu, N. S. N., Chan, D. W. M., Shan, M., & Sze, N. N. (2019). Implementation of safety management system in managing construction projects: Benefits and obstacles. Safety Science, 117, 23–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2019.03.027

Zhang, M., Fang, D., & Wu, H. (2021). Occupational health and safety risk assessment model based on combination weighting and linguistic uncertainty. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 27(3), 740–752. https://doi.org/10.1080/24725838.2021.1875519