Journal of International Political Economy and Strategy https://journal.privietlab.org/index.php/JIPES <table class="deskripsi"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="label">Journal Title</td> <td class="colon">:</td> <td><a href="https://journal.privietlab.org/index.php/JIPES">Journal of International Political Economy and Strategy</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="label">Initials</td> <td class="colon">:</td> <td>JIPES</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="label">Frequency</td> <td class="colon">:</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="label">Online ISSN</td> <td class="colon">:</td> <td><a href="#" target="_blank" rel="noopener">XXXX-XXXX</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="label">Online ISSN</td> <td class="colon">:</td> <td><a href="#" target="_blank" rel="noopener">XXXX-XXXX</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="label">Editor in Chief</td> <td class="colon">:</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="label">DOI</td> <td class="colon">:</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="label">Publisher</td> <td class="colon">:</td> <td><a href="https://privietlab.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener">PRIVIETLAB</a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Maecenas porttitor congue massa. Fusce posuere, magna sed pulvinar ultricies, purus lectus malesuada libero, sit amet commodo magna eros quis urna. Nunc viverra imperdiet enim. Fusce est. Vivamus a tellus. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Proin pharetra nonummy pede. Mauris et orci. Aenean nec lorem. In porttitor. Donec laoreet nonummy augue. Suspendisse dui purus, scelerisque at, vulputate vitae, pretium mattis, nunc. Mauris eget neque at sem venenatis eleifend. Ut nonummy. Fusce aliquet pede non pede. Suspendisse dapibus lorem pellentesque magna. Integer nulla. Donec blandit feugiat ligula. Donec hendrerit, felis et imperdiet euismod, purus ipsum pretium metus, in lacinia nulla nisl eget sapien.</p> en-US Mon, 02 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700 OJS 3.3.0.6 http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss 60 Institutional transformation and governance in Indonesia: Democracy, decentralization, and the persistence of oligarchy https://journal.privietlab.org/index.php/JIPES/article/view/1796 <p>This paper undertakes a systematic examination of Indonesia's political economy, with particular emphasis on the trajectory of institutional transformation and governance since the collapse of Suharto's New Order regime in 1998. Drawing on comparative political economy, historical institutionalism, and contemporary empirical scholarship, the study analyzes how Indonesia's transition from authoritarian rule to electoral democracy has produced a complex, contested, and often contradictory institutional landscape. The paper identifies four interconnected dynamics that define contemporary Indonesian governance: the partial consolidation of democratic institutions, the deepening of administrative decentralization under the Big Bang reforms of 1999-2001, the persistence of oligarchic power networks that have adapted to electoral competition, and the uneven progress of bureaucratic reform and anti-corruption governance. The analysis reveals that while Indonesia has achieved significant milestones—including the institutionalization of free and fair elections, constitutional reform, and the direct election of regional executives—these gains remain fragile in the face of money politics, elite accommodation, and weak rule-of-law enforcement. The paper argues that Indonesia exemplifies a form of 'oligarchic democracy' in which competitive elections coexist with entrenched structures of patrimonial power, resource capture, and regulatory arbitrage. Implications for developmental state capacity and long-run governance outcomes are discussed, and a research agenda for comparative Southeast Asian political economy is proposed.</p> Dimvy Rusefani Asetya Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of International Political Economy and Strategy https://journal.privietlab.org/index.php/JIPES/article/view/1796 Wed, 18 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700 Indonesia’s response as a developing country to the United States government’s reciprocal tariff policy https://journal.privietlab.org/index.php/JIPES/article/view/1795 <p>The acceleration of economic growth in Indonesia is also influenced by tariff policies that support international trade, such as the ASEAN Free Trade Agreement (AFTA). However, aggressive tariff policies can create challenges, including intense competition and adverse consequences for certain domestic sectors. The higher reciprocal tariff imposed by the United States on Indonesia, amounting to 32%, constitutes the greatest challenge to the competitiveness of Indonesian exports, particularly key commodities such as electronics, textiles, and footwear. This study aims to analyze Indonesia’s response, as a developing country, to the reciprocal tariff policy adopted by the United States government. This study used a descriptive qualitative method with a literature review. The findings show that the reciprocal tariff policy imposed on Indonesian export commodities reflects the dominant power position of the United States in determining trade rules that affect developing countries such as Indonesia. The tariff policy may reduce the volume and competitiveness of Indonesian exports in the U.S. market, lower production, increase the risk of layoffs, and contribute to the depreciation of the rupiah’s value. In addition, the findings indicate that Indonesia remains highly dependent on the United States market, both in terms of export volume and trade surplus value. Therefore, the Indonesian Government has taken diplomatic measures by pursuing direct negotiations with the United States, preparing proposals for bilateral economic cooperation, and strengthening regional cooperation with ASEAN countries.</p> Winda Yulia Sari Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of International Political Economy and Strategy https://journal.privietlab.org/index.php/JIPES/article/view/1795 Wed, 18 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700 Tariff wars and the Global South: Economic impact and trade flow implications of the contemporary tariff conflict https://journal.privietlab.org/index.php/JIPES/article/view/1797 <p>The resurgence of protectionist trade policy in the twenty-first century has precipitated a complex and consequential realignment of the global trading architecture. This study examines the economic impact and trade flow implications of the contemporary tariff conflict—commonly referred to as the "tariff war"—on economies of the Global South, comprising developing and emerging-market nations across Sub-Saharan Africa, South and Southeast Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Drawing on macroeconomic data from the World Trade Organization (WTO), World Bank, and International Monetary Fund (IMF), this paper employs a multi-dimensional analytical framework incorporating trade diversion theory, terms-of-trade analysis, and computable general equilibrium (CGE) modelling insights to assess short- and medium-term economic consequences. The findings indicate that Global South economies face asymmetric and disproportionate exposure to tariff escalation initiated between major trading powers, particularly the United States and China, due to their structural dependence on commodity exports, limited export diversification, and vulnerability to capital flow reversals. While certain countries have accrued marginal gains through trade diversion, the aggregate macroeconomic effects—including GDP contraction, inflationary pressure, currency depreciation, and deteriorating terms of trade—are substantially negative. This paper argues that the tariff war fundamentally represents a structural threat to the development trajectories of Global South economies, underscoring the urgency of coordinated multilateral policy responses and South-South trade integration as adaptive strategies.</p> Olivia Putri Dahlan Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of International Political Economy and Strategy https://journal.privietlab.org/index.php/JIPES/article/view/1797 Wed, 18 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700