Priviet Social Sciences Journal

Development of the Hutaraja Village hot springs tourist attraction as a sustainable tourism destination

Rezki Aulia — 2025-12-01

Hutaraja Hot Springs is a natural hot spring with crystal clear water originating from Mount Sorik Merapi. In addition to pure water, the water contains sulfur, which is beneficial for health. Surrounded by rice fields and community plantations, this tourist attraction is even more beautiful and charming than it already is. If managed properly, it will certainly be beneficial for improving the community's economy and increasing the original income of the Hutaraja village from the tourism sector. This study aims to determine the efforts to develop Hutaraja hot spring as a sustainable tourism destination. The research method used is qualitative with descriptive data. Data collection techniques included direct observation of the Hutaraja hot spring tourist attraction, accommodation to the location, supporting facilities around the tourist attraction, and direct involvement of stakeholders and the local community in the development of the Hutaraja hot spring, and documentation studies. In-depth interviews were conducted with the Mandailing Natal Regency Tourism Office, Mandailing Natal Regency Bappeda Office, Panyabungan Sub-district Head, Head of South Hutaraja Village, local community, food vendors/stalls, and visitors. The study results show that efforts to develop the Hutaraja hot spring tourist attraction as a sustainable tourism destination were carried out by considering five aspects, namely Attraction, Accessibility, Accommodation, Amenities, and Ancillary services (the 5A tourism concept). The conclusion is that development efforts that consider the 5A tourism concept have proven effective in increasing visitor numbers, as evidenced by the thousands of visitors to the tourist attraction each year and the relatively stable upward trend in visitor numbers.

Analysis of cryptocurrency as collateral from the perspective of Indonesian positive law and Islamic law: A comparison

Jamie Armadi Jaya — 2025-12-01

Current technology has significantly impacted several sectors, including the financial sector. Cryptocurrency is one of the financial technology phenomena currently being widely discussed. Cryptocurrency is a digital currency that holds value and can become a promising asset for its holders. This study focuses on cryptocurrency as collateral from Indonesian and Islamic legal perspectives. This research method emphasizes a rules-based approach, namely, through laws and other legal sources. The findings indicate that Indonesian legal support for cryptocurrency as collateral is valid because it is a movable asset. However, from an Islamic legal perspective, collateral is known as al-Rahn. The use of cryptocurrency as an object in an al-rahn contract is considered invalid. This is because, from an Islamic perspective, cryptocurrency does not fulfill Shariah principles. This asset contains elements of gharar (uncertainty), dharar (potential harm), and maysir or qimar (elements of speculation or gambling), so it is considered unfit to be used as goods (sil'ah) in transactions that comply with sharia.

Determinants of MSME performance: Assessing the role of budgeting, financial control, and cash management in Banjarbaru City

Ros Nirwana — 2025-12-01

Many MSMEs play an important role in supporting local economic activity; however, yet in reality many of them still struggle with financial management issues that prevent their performance from reaching its full potential. Based on this situation, the present study examines how budgeting practices, financial control, and cash management influence the performance of MSMEs in Banjarbaru City. The analysis draws on the Resource-Based View (RBV), Contingency Theory, and Working Capital Theory as the main theoretical foundations. This study uses a quantitative associative approach and involves 30 business owners selected through purposive sampling method. The collected data were processed using multiple linear regression with SPSS 25. The results indicate that budgeting (β = 0.295; p = 0.037), financial control (β = 0.400; p = 0.002), and cash management (β = 0.481; p = 0.002) have a positive and significant effect on MSME performance, both partially and simultaneously (F = 79.389; p = 0.000). The adjusted R² of 0.890 indicates that these financial management variables can account for approximately 89% of the variation in MSME performance, which shows how strongly they are tied to day-to-day business outcomes. The results suggest that financial managerial skills function as important internal resources, as described in the RBV perspective, while the effectiveness of financial practices still depends on how well they fit each business’s specific situation, in line with Contingency Theory. The findings also reaffirm the idea from Working Capital Theory that maintaining adequate liquidity is essential for keeping operations running smoothly. Overall, this study offers empirical evidence from a growing city context and underlines the need for more structured budgeting, tighter financial control, and better cash management to support stronger and more sustainable MSME.

Digital economy development in Eastern Indonesia: The infrastructure and socio-economic dimensions

I Made Jyotisa Adi Dwipatna — 2025-12-02

The growth of the digital economy brings both challenges and opportunities for regional economic development, especially in areas where infrastructure and human resources are unevenly distributed. This study examines how digital infrastructure and socio-economic factors influence ICT competence, which is a key driver of digital economic progress in Eastern Indonesia. Using data from 13 provinces between 2016 and 2023, the study applied a Fixed Effects Model (FEM) to analyze regional and time-based differences. The results show that Internet access has a strong positive impact on ICT competence, highlighting the critical role of digital infrastructure in boosting participation and reducing the digital gap. Education also plays a significant role, with improved education helping to build digital literacy and better prepare the population for technological change. On the other hand, income does not seem to have a significant effect on ICT competence, suggesting that economic factors are not yet the main drivers of technological skills in the region. Overall, the findings emphasize that digital development in Eastern Indonesia is primarily influenced by the availability of infrastructure and the quality of human resources. To support inclusive and sustainable digital growth, policies should focus on ensuring equal access to the Internet and incorporating digital literacy into education.

The impact of technological risk perception on consumer experience with digital curiosity as a moderating variable

Kadek Wulandari Laksmi P — 2025-12-02

In the advanced digital age, consumers engage with new technological interfaces that provide value in the form of personalization, convenience, and efficiency while exposing them to possible threats such as data insecurity, privacy breaches, and system failures. These opposing threats highlight the importance of understanding how consumers perceive technology-related risks and how this perception impacts their psychological experiences. Although the technology acceptance model and user satisfaction have been extensively studied, little is known about the psychological variables—particularly the construct of digital curiosity—that buffer perceptions of risk associated with technology. This study aims to fill this void by analyzing the effect of technological risk perception on consumer experience and the role of digital curiosity in this relationship. A quantitative approach involved using a structured questionnaire distributed to active digital consumers on different online platforms. Data analysis was performed using SmartPLS 4.0. The measurement model attained satisfactory validity and reliability. It was established that perceived technological risk negatively impacts the consumer experience. This suggests that a higher perceived risk correlates with diminished satisfaction, trust, and emotional ease. Among other variables, digital curiosity positively impacted consumer experience and interacted in such a way as to lessen the negative influence of perceived technological risk. This suggests that curiosity may serve as a psychological buffer that allows consumers to emotionally reconcile with technological risks, enabling them to retain a positive experience in situations where technology imposes a high risk. These findings indicate the need for organizations to offer digital experiences that provide a level of assurance concerning security while simultaneously fostering curiosity. Allowing exploration and more interactive engagement may help users navigate and trust more complex technological systems. The model proposed in this study may provide the basis for future studies to include additional variables, such as technostress and digital self-efficacy, to capture a more comprehensive theoretical perspective.

The communication style of Prof. Dr. M. Quraish Shihab, M.A., and K.H. Ahmad Bahauddin Nursalim in interpreting the Quran (Study on YouTube channel of Pusat Studi Al-Quran)

Samsuriyanto Samsuriyanto — 2025-12-02

Prof. Dr. M. Quraish Shihab, M.A., is a scholar born from the habaib tradition and accepted by the pesantren tradition. While K.H. Ahmad Bahauddin Nursalim is a scholar born from pesantren tradition and accepted by the habaib tradition. This study aims to describe the communication of Prof. Dr. M. Quraish Shihab, M.A., and K.H. Ahmad Bahauddin Nursalim in Interpreting the Quran which was uploaded through the YouTube channel of Pusat Studi Al-Quran. This study used a media text analysis with a critical approach. The results of this study show that Prof. Dr. M. Quraish Shihab, M.A., has a polite communication style and K.H. Ahmad Bahauddin Nursalim has a humorous communication style in interpreting the Quran. Second, Prof. Dr. M. Quraish Shihab, M.A., emphasized the message of “imitating the Prophet in life” and K.H. Ahmad Bahauddin Nursalim emphasized the message of “Happy life”. Third, YouTube channel of Pusat Studi Al-Quran as a communication media that displays a YouTube Program entitled “Maulid Nabi Muhammad SAW 1447 H Bersama Gus Baha dan Prof. Quraish Shihab” on Saturday, November 1, 2025. Fourth, the communication of Prof. Dr. M. Quraish Shihab, M.A., and K.H. Ahmad Bahauddin Nursalim received a response in the form of views that were much larger than the number of subscribers, getting likes that almost equaled the number of subscribers and reaching almost 400 comments. Fifth, netizen comments as communication feedback in the form of netizen reviews of Prof. Dr. M. Quraish Shihab, M.A. ’s appreciation to K.H. Ahmad Bahauddin Nursalim and netizen admiration for Prof. Dr. M. Quraish Shihab, M.A., and K.H. Ahmad Bahauddin Nursalim. And, the effect of the interpretation of the Quran as a communication effect has three effects, namely cognitive effect, affective effect and behavioral effect. This research is important to obtain a description of the communication of Prof. Dr. M. Quraish Shihab, M.A., and K.H. Ahmad Bahauddin Nursalim in Interpreting the Quran which was uploaded through the YouTube channel of Pusat Studi Al-Quran.

The silent claimant state: Brunei Darussalam in the South China Sea Region

Endah Kurniati — 2025-12-02

The South China Sea Areas of the sea have proven reserves of oil and gas and are a hot spot with high potential. However, it is the South China Sea’s weight as a geopolitical strain that sets it apart as a potential theater of conflict. It is a dispute between China, Indonesia, Taiwan, the Philippines (which had brought the case), Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia, and Vietnam due to overlapping territorial claims as well as China’s unilaterally drawing of the Nine-Dash Line. Brunei Darussalam is seen as a claimant state which does not make an overt claim to the Spratly Islands. Brunei Darussalam is also among the countries that have agreed on some of China’s projected cooperation schemes. China is a partner that can support Brunei, and it indirectly influences its political position by doing so, thus challenging ASEAN’s unified action on the South China Sea dispute.

Human resource transformation in the era of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and automation at UIN Syahada

Indah Permasasari Siregar — 2025-12-03

This research focuses on the transformation of human resources at UIN Syahada in facing the challenges of automation and AI. The lack of sufficient digital skills and the inability of teachers and educational staff to adapt to technological advances are emerging problems in the field. To meet the needs of the digital era, this study aims to identify strategies, policies, and innovations that can be used to improve the competence, professionalism, and ability of educators, educational staff, and students to adapt to digital changes. It also focuses on UIN Syahada Padangsidimpuan's efforts to achieve its vision and mission in the era of higher education digitalization by creating excellent human resources that are globally competitive and have Islamic character, and are capable of utilizing technology morally and productively. A qualitative approach was applied through observation, interviews, and documentary research in UIN Syahada's work units. The findings of this study reveal that digital literacy, technology-based training, and the inculcation of an innovative work culture will effectively transform human resources. This study shows that it is imperative to integrate Islamic values with state-of-the-art technologies in the process of developing superior and flexible human resources in Islamic universities.

Meta-analysis of dengue vaccine effectiveness

Pardomuan Robinson Sihombing — 2025-12-03

Dengue hemorrhagic fever has a staggering 390 million cases to date and was the predominant virus in 128 countries in 2022. This study aims to determine vaccination safety and response with respect to negative endpoints over time in the cohort. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed according to the 2020 PRISMA statement. Comprehensive searches were performed for primary open-access articles in the PubMed and Scopus databases from years 2013-2023. Statistical analysis used random effect modelling a pooled relative risk would be calculated for the efficacy of the vaccine using proportional difference methodology, with 960 articles retrieved (10 articles meeting inclusion criteria incorporated 157,345 study participants) data was arrived in a 2023 publication whereby. The findings were as follows: the tetravalent dengue vaccine had an overall pooled efficacy of 64.6% (95% CI 47.4%-76.2%) and I² 94.7%, with TAK-003 being more efficacious (76.8%, 95% CI 60.8%-86.2%) than CYD-TDV (53.6%, 95% CI 28.9%-69.7%) in symptomatic dengue. The dengue vaccine showed promising efficacy and satisfactory immune response, with TAK-003 showing more consistent performance than CYD-TDV, especially in the absence of heterogeneity between studies. Implications: These findings support the implementation of dengue vaccination with preference for the TAK-003 platform, demonstrating better efficacy consistency to maximize benefits and minimize risk..

Analysis of the rational tafsir of Q.S. Al-Baqarah verse 164 on the signs of Allah’s power in Tafsir Al-Manar by Muhammad ‘Abduh and Rasyid Rida

Vera Siska — 2025-12-03

This study discusses the rational interpretation of Q.S. al-Baqarah verse 164 concerning the signs of Allah’s power in Tafsir al-Manār by Muhammad ‘Abduh and Rasyid Rida. This study is motivated by the need to understand the relationship between revelation and scientific reality within the framework of modern Qur’anic exegesis. Muhammad ‘Abduh and Rasyid Rida employed a rational (‘aqli) approach in interpreting verses related to natural phenomena, emphasizing the role of reason and scientific observation in recognizing the greatness of Allah. This study adopts a library research method, using Tafsir al-Manār as the primary source, supported by relevant books, journals, and academic articles as secondary references. The analysis is conducted descriptively and analytically to identify the interpretive principles (qawā‘id al-tafsīr) applied by the exegetes, including al-Tafsīr bi al-Qur’ān, al-Tafsīr bi al-‘Aql, al-Tafsīr bi al-Wāqi‘, and al-Tawḥīd wa al-Tajdid. The results show that Tafsir al-Manār interprets natural phenomena such as the heavens, the earth, rain, and wind not merely as physical realities but as āyāt kauniyyah (cosmic signs) that guide human beings to think and strengthen their faith. Revelation and science are viewed as complementary, not contradictory, in affirming Allah’s oneness and wisdom.

Analysis of the principle of Asbāb al-Nuzūl and its implications for social exegesis: A study of QS. An-Nisā’ [4]:58 and QS. al-Ḥujurāt [49]:9 in Tafsir al-Jalālain

Indah Purnama Sari — 2025-12-03

The Qur’an serves as a comprehensive guide for life, directing spiritual aspects and regulating the social dimensions of human existence. To grasp its universal messages comprehensively, an asbāb al-nuzūl approach is essential, as it traces the historical context of the revelation. This study examines the application of the asbāb al-nuzūl concept in Tafsir al-Jalālain by Jalāl al-Dīn al-Maḥallī and Jalāl al-Dīn al-Suyūṭī and its relevance to the formation of social interpretation, particularly concerning QS. An-Nisā’ [4]:58 and QS. al-Ḥujurāt [49]:9. Employing a qualitative-descriptive approach through library research, this study explores the exegetes’ interpretive patterns. The findings indicate that Tafsir al-Jalālain employs asbāb al-nuzūl not only to explain the causes of revelation but also to affirm broader moral and social meanings. QS. An-Nisā’ [4]:58 emphasizes the values of trustworthiness and justice in public leadership, while QS. al-Ḥujurāt [49]:9 highlights the importance of reconciliation in mitigating social conflicts. The application of the principle al-‘ibrah bi ‘umūm al-lafẓ lā bi khuṣūṣ as-sabab universalizes the message of the verses, making them relevant across the ages. Thus, Tafsir al-Jalālain is not only a concise exegesis (tafsīr ijmālī) but also contributes significantly to shaping a contemporary paradigm of social interpretation that resonates with modern reality.

The comparison of narcotics criminalization in Indonesia and The Netherlands

Fedhli Faisal — 2025-12-04

This article discusses the comparative punishment for drug crimes in Indonesia and the Netherlands, two countries with very different legal approaches to dealing with drug-related cases. This article's primary goal is to examine the variations in the two nations' criminal policy strategies, the types of sanctions, and the legal foundations. This study uses a comparative legal method by examining the laws, doctrines, and criminal policies in force in each country. The results show that Indonesia tends to use a repressive approach with the threat of severe criminal penalties, including the death penalty and life imprisonment, whereas the Netherlands adopts a limited decriminalization approach for certain substances, focusing on rehabilitation and harm reduction. These findings reflect the differences in criminal law philosophy between punitive and more progressive legal systems. This article recommends a re-evaluation of the effectiveness of punishment in Indonesia, taking into account a more humane and public health-based approach, such as that applied in the Netherlands

Juridical analysis of the obstacles in the implementation of music royalty payment obligations in Indonesia

Ezra Natasya Br Simangunsong — 2025-12-04

The main problem in this case study is that Indonesia still cannot be firm and fair in enforcing the obligation to pay music royalties to the composers. This already exists and is written in Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning copyright and in Government Regulation Number 56 of 2021. This refers to the consistency and compliance with the law that can be reviewed based on legal protection and legal compliance theory. This review will provide different perspectives on economic rights in song creation and how the intellectual property system applies. The review and normative juridical approach of this research provides an overview of the correct legal record and layout based on facts. This fact is based on literature studies, primary laws, and derivatives that can provide a more constructive research direction. This research provides an overview of the responsibility for a royalty and the importance of respecting intellectual property law. The challenge is the difficulty of making firm decisions by perpetrators or law enforcers due to the lack of transparency, which has become an inherent culture. Social socialization is very limited, and the absence of a national collective management institution provides certainty, making it difficult to run. The results of this study provide a conclusion that we must move together in echoing the synergy between LMKN, business actors, and the government in carrying out sustainable royalty management. This will strengthen the value of the existence of intellectual property rights and the emergence of legal certainty that can be claimed together for the sake of justice and social welfare in Indonesia.

Development of a module for identifying interests and self-potential for senior high school students

Ufti Rosyi — 2025-12-04

Based on interviews conducted by the researcher with tenth-grade students at a senior high school in Ponorogo Regency, it was found that the students were unfamiliar with the process of subject selection under the Merdeka Curriculum. This study aimed to develop a module that assists tenth-grade high school students in identifying their interests and self-potential to determine subject choices when entering the eleventh grade. This study employed a qualitative method and adopted research and development as its design. Data were collected through school-based interviews, which were then processed into descriptive explanations, producing categories that formed the basis of the module development. The assessment results revealed several categories, which were later organized into four chapters: the Merdeka Curriculum, identification of interests, self-potential, and a closing chapter. Based on these findings, the researcher compiled a module entitled “Me and How to Know Myself: A Module for Identifying Interests and Self-Potential to Guide Subject Selection for Senior High School Students” The dissemination results indicated that the module was positively evaluated regarding its design and content in addressing the needs of tenth-grade students. Therefore, it is recommended as a tool for high school classes to help students recognize their interests and self-potential in the context of subject selection when transitioning to Grade 11.

Reception of academics toward the film Dirty Vote in the context of the 2024 general election

Muhamad Rosit — 2025-12-04

This study examines the academic reception of the documentary film Dirty Vote. The film exposes the misuse and partiality of political power during the 2024 general election contestation. Using a qualitative research approach, this study uses Stuart Hall’s theory of audience reception, especially the ideas of encoding and decoding. Seven academics from various universities, each with expertise in political communication and media studies, were interviewed for data collection. The results show various interpretations by the informants. Four informants chose a dominant-hegemonic position, interpreting Dirty Vote as a form of political literacy and a critique of government abuse. Two informants took a negotiated position, viewing the movie as both a medium for political literacy and a potential for political propaganda in the lead-up to the 2024 presidential general election. Meanwhile, one informant represented an oppositional position, perceiving the movie as biased and politically motivated. In conclusion, Dirty Vote Movie functions as a space for interactive discussion between the media, government, and academic universities, affirming that media products can simultaneously foster awareness and provoke ideological debate within a democratic society.

Globalism and capitalism international cooperation in protecting Indonesian workers from the threat of violence from other countries and negative impacts

Riky Ovaliansyah Harahap — 2025-12-05

Globalization has brought significant changes to Indonesia's labor dynamics, including increasing labor mobility abroad and the problem of low labor quality due to educational and employment access disparities. This research aims to explain Indonesia's policies for the protection of labor, as well as the forms of international cooperation carried out to protect Indonesian migrant workers. Using the concept of Labor Protection and the framework of International Labor Law (ILO), this study analyzes national regulations, migrant worker protection practices, and Indonesia's collaboration with international organizations (OIs). The results of the study show that the number of Indonesian migrant workers, which reaches around eight million, contributes greatly to the national economy but is still dominated by unskilled workers who are vulnerable to exploitation. The government has made protection efforts through Law No. 18 of 2017 and the policy of exemption of placement fees in certain sectors, although its implementation faces challenges in regional capacity and compliance with placement institutions. At the global level, cooperation through the Decent Work Country Programme (DWCP) between Indonesia and the ILO strengthens the protection of migrant workers through the development of fair industrial relations, expansion of social security, and improvement of the quality of decent work.

The regulator’s dilemma in proving algorithmic cartels against the principle of fair competition in the digital economy era

Tengku Andrias Prayudha — 2025-12-05

The rapid development of the digital economy, marked by the adoption of pricing algorithms, has introduced new dynamics to Indonesia's competition law landscape. Algorithmic systems enable autonomous price setting based on market data learning without direct human intervention. This condition potentially gives rise to algorithmic cartels, a form of market coordination occurring without explicit agreement, yet producing anti-competitive effects similar to conventional cartels. The national legal framework, specifically Law No. 5 of 1999 and KPPU Regulation No. 4 of 2010, remains inadequate to address this phenomenon, as it is still anchored to a traditional paradigm requiring the element of “agreement” as a prerequisite for proving violation. This study aims to analyze the dilemma faced by the regulator (KPPU) in proving the existence of algorithmic cartels against the principle of fair competition in the digital era. Employing a normative juridical approach, this study examines relevant legislation, academic literature, and international policies from the OECD and European Commission. The findings indicate a regulatory gap in Indonesia's competition law regarding proof involving autonomous systems. Furthermore, the KPPU faces conceptual and technical obstacles in determining legal intent (legal intent) and the validity of digital evidence derived from algorithmic systems. The study concludes that proving algorithmic cartels must shift from an intent-based approach to an effects-based approach, which focuses on assessing the economic impact on market structure and consumer welfare. Therefore, strategic recommendations include reinterpreting the element of “agreement” in Article 1, paragraph 7, and Article 11 of Law No. 5 of 1999 to encompass algorithmic coordination that generates anti-competitive effects. Additionally, the KPPU is mandated to develop digital evidence guidelines and strengthen the multidisciplinary institutional capacity to effectively oversee algorithmic behavior. These steps are crucial for Indonesian competition law to adapt to the realities of the digital economy while ensuring justice and legal certainty.

Ethnic relations and politics in the community of South Tanjung Balai Subdistrict after the 2016 conflict

Maria Br Sianipar — 2025-12-05

The conflict that occurred in Tanjungbalai in 2016 was a complex phenomenon influenced by several factors, including ethnic, religious, and political factors. This conflict was triggered by differences in views and interests between groups, as well as economic inequality that worsened the situation. Therefore, this study aims to explain and describe the relationship between ethnicity and changes in local political policies after the conflict. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method, namely research that aims to be based on data obtained in the field and is accurate and in the form of interviews with the specified informants. To strengthen the explanation in this study, the researchers used ethnic political theory, conflict theory, and ethnic theory. Based on the methods and theories used, the results of this study show that the ethnic and political relations of the people in Tanjungbalai are currently running well. However, some 5% of Chinese people are still very vulnerable and require systematic and sustainable efforts to restore relations between different ethnic groups. Until now, the efforts of the Tanjungbalai city government have been very careful in maintaining religious harmony in Tanjungbalai so that this conflict does not happen again.

Strategy formulation for the career preparation guidance program of the EduTech Startup Brofesional.id

Hafidh Rifky Adiyatna — 2025-12-05

This study aims to formulate development strategies and determine the priority strategies applicable to the Career Preparation Guidance Program of the edutech startup Brofesional.id. This research began by analyzing the internal and external factors influencing the program. An analysis was conducted to identify the program’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. To formulate strategies, this study applies the principles of strategic management and utilizes various analytical tools, including the IFE, EFE, SWOT, IE, and QSPM matrices. The findings indicate that the most feasible strategy for Brofesional.id is to enhance promotional activities through regular collaborations with government agencies. This suggested approach is supported by a QSPM analysis score of 4.807.