Priviet Social Sciences Journal

Harnessing artificial intelligence for census in Nigeria: Advancing accuracy, efficiency, and governance outcomes

2025-11-04T01:26:58+07:00

Successful administration of national censuses in Nigeria has been a protracted agony plagued by inherent problems, including logistic, political, and methodological issues, which cumulatively have caused delays in enumeration, undercounting, and inconsistency of data. These defects diminish the credibility of demographic data needed for evidence-based governance, economic planning, and equitable resource allocation._. In this study, we explored opportunities for harnessing Artificial Intelligence (AI) to transform census activities in Nigeria through the injection of state-of-the-art computational approaches into the national enumeration exercise. We showcased a multimodal AI pipeline comprising Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for population density estimation from satellite images, Natural Language Processing (NLP) pipelines for address standardization and matching in various languages, and unsupervised anomaly detection algorithms for real-time data quality verification. AI-based enumeration methods were simulated at both national and sub-national levels. CNN-generated heatmaps revealed population concentration trends in Lagos and other states and enabled the precise delineation of high-density urban agglomerations and underserved rural enclaves. The NLP tool generalized well to the linguistically diverse environments in Nigeria, with F1-scores greater than 0.90 for all but a few states for broken address reconciliation. Anomaly detection models built using Isolation Forest algorithms detected anomalous enumeration patterns as flags for potential undercounts or data manipulation. Population pyramid analysis for Lagos revealed an extremely young population structure, consistent with country-wide age trends. These findings provide empirical evidence that AI integration can promote census accuracy, operational efficiency and government effectiveness in Nigeria.

Development of an entrepreneurship system instrument to enhance the employability skills of Vocational High School (SMK) students

2025-11-04T01:26:35+07:00

This study aimed to create an instrument for an entrepreneurship system that aids in improving the employability skills of Vocational High School (SMK) students. The background of the study stems from the persistent issue of unemployment that SMK graduates, in particular, face relative to graduates from other institutions, and the lack of a single instrument that can comprehensively assess the school entrepreneurship system’s performance. The adopted methodology is the research and development (R&D) technique, which aims to create an instrument, as outlined by Djemari Mardapi. The steps involved creating definitions, designing frameworks, drafting content, and undergoing validation to assess the expert viewpoint, followed by Aiken’s V index, the analysis of internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha, and construct validity through Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The results indicate that the instrument developed has high content validity (Aiken’s V index from 0.85–1.00), excellent reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.900), and adequate construct validity with a KMO of 0.948 and CFA model fit indices within the standard range. These indicators affirm that the instrument can be used to assess the entrepreneurship system in vocational schools.

Sanitation and modernity on a Remote Island: A study of community behavior toward hygienic latrine use in Pengikik Island

2025-11-04T01:26:16+07:00

This study explores the transformation of community behavior regarding the use of hygienic latrines in Pengikik Village, a remote island community with historically poor sanitation practices. Inadequate latrine management contributes significantly to environmental degradation. Promoting the widespread use of healthy latrines, which are facilities designed for safe and sanitary human waste disposal, is a key strategy for improving public health. Using a phenomenological framework design, the research draws on data from six purposively selected informants through semi-structured interviews. The analysis employs Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann’s theory of social construction to examine behavioral changes. The findings indicate that 19 out of 53 households have constructed private healthy latrines, and eight communal units have been built with septic systems. Behavioral change occurred through three interrelated processes: targeted socialization and education by health workers, gradual internalization of hygienic practices, and normalization of latrine use in daily life. These processes have reshaped community perceptions, fostering a collective understanding of the importance of sanitary facilities in the community. As a result, the community has shifted away from open defecation and toward the consistent use of healthy latrines.

Exploring the process and challenges of Indonesian education students in the use of Canva media in project-based learning

2025-11-05T01:26:10+07:00

This study aims to explore the processes and challenges experienced by students of the Indonesian Education study program in utilizing Canva as a learning medium in PjBL. This research uses a descriptive qualitative research method with thematic interviews and data analysis techniques. This research not only explores the processes and challenges but also relates to the TPACK framework. The results show that students have been familiar with Canva since high school and that the frequency of use increases as the semester rate increases. Canva's use of media is considered to help in planning creative, efficient, and collaborative project outcomes. However, several challenges in its use still arise, especially those related to unstable Internet connections, weak coordination between group members, and limited premium access. These findings confirm that the use of Canva not only enriches students' learning experiences but also demonstrates the integration of technology, pedagogy, and content elements as described in the Pedagogical Knowledge and Technology Content (TPACK) framework. Through this integration, students learn to balance technological skills with pedagogical understanding and learning materials. Overall, Canva's implementation in PjBL contributes to strengthening 21st-century skills such as critical thinking, collaboration, communication, and digital literacy. This study recommends increasing digital infrastructure support and learning technology training for students so that the use of Canva in PjBL can be more optimal and sustainable.

Building competence through social interaction and the organisational environment: A case study

2025-11-05T01:26:57+07:00

This study investigates how social interaction and organizational context influence employee performance at PT Chemico Surabaya. Employing a qualitative case study design, this research captures firsthand accounts from workers navigating daily tasks. Data were gathered through in-depth interviews with six respondents, each chosen for their role and active participation in the department’s initiatives. The findings revealed that friendly relations among peers sharply boosted motivation, strengthened teamwork, and cultivated a shared sense of ownership. Similarly, a constructive organizational climate with open leadership, reliable resources, and inclusive practices further uplifts overall output. Together, these insights urge managers to build a culture that prioritizes positive relationships and enabling conditions. This study remains limited by its single-site focus and small sample size, prompting future scholars to extend the inquiry through larger longitudinal studies or cross-firm comparisons.

Video data analysis of online live shopping streamers on Shopee

2025-11-05T01:26:33+07:00

This research aims to identify and formulate aspects that influence buyer decisions and the behavioral impulses that emerge from consumers when streamers conduct live shopping on the Shopee marketplace. This study aims to determine the close relationship between streamers and their viewers, thus influencing increased sales. In Indonesia, sales activities through marketplaces have experienced a significant increase, with a variety of available applications and features. Therefore, a method is needed that is not only informative, but also visually appealing, emotionally, communicative, and has an impact on improving the community's economy. This study aims to develop verbal and nonverbal methods for streamers during live shopping. This is an effective solution for identifying patterns that influence buyer decisions. This research method uses Video Data Analysis (VDA) and visual studies, namely methods that focus on what is depicted in visual data. Visual data are used to depict, describe, or analyze social phenomena through Visual Studies, Multimodal Interaction Analysis, Ethnography, and Experimental Behavioral Studies. Researchers will focus on the situational dynamics and behaviors of video and visual streamers during live shopping for various products, including fashion, food, household items, and electronics. The expected outcome of this research is a concept of verbal and nonverbal communication in live shopping that is relevant to all types of marketplaces.

Initiating financial technology regulation based on Islamic legal principles

2025-11-13T17:56:14+07:00

This article aims to determine the regulations regarding Sharia financial technology, as regulated in the Regulation of the Financial Services Authority of the Republic of Indonesia Number 40/2024 concerning Information Technology-Based Joint Funding Services (LPBBTI). This study uses an empirical juridical approach with primary data in the form of interviews with funders and Sharia fintech operators. The results of this study indicate that the regulation of Sharia fintech based on POJK Number 40/2024 concerning LPBBTI presents characteristics in the form of ecosystem-based financing, with the spirit built being the distribution of funds to support productive activities. The organizers themselves also provide insurance protection in the distribution of financing and cooperate with certain companies to provide periodic guidance on every productive activity.

Proof of marital seizure against joint property in a marriage resulting from divorce (A case study of decisions no. 533/Pdt.G/2021/Pa.Bn And No. 561/Pdt.G/2025/Pa.Krw)

2025-11-13T17:56:10+07:00

The marital beslag plays an important role in protecting common property. The urgency of submitting a marital beslag request was to protect the integrity of the communal property so that, during the process, neither the husband nor the wife could transfer the communal property to a third party. Sometimes, the marital beslag request might have been granted or denied by the judge. The purpose of this research was to understand and analyze the reasons why judges did not grant marital beslag requests, to understand and analyze the evidence of the marital beslag submitted by the plaintiff so that it could be accepted by the judge, and to examine and analyze Religious Court Decision Number 533/Pdt. G/2021/PA.Bn and Decision No. 561/Pdt. Bn. G/2025/PA.Krw regarding marital status. This study employs normative legal research. The research approach used in this thesis is legislative, conceptual, and case-based. The analysis results indicate that (1) In Decision Number 533/Pdt. G/2021/PA.Bn, a marital beslag could not be granted because the lawsuit was declared obscuur libel (vague/unclear), thus formally not meeting the requirements of legal proceedings (Article 8 RBg jo. Article 118 HIR). Meanwhile, in Decision No. 561/Pdt. G/2025/PA.Krw, the marital beslag was denied because the divorce lawsuit as the main matter was not materially proven, so the matter of joint property along with its marital beslag was automatically not accepted; (2) The requirements for accepting marital beslag are: the lawsuit must not be vague, the object of the dispute must be described in detail; there must be authentic evidence demonstrating that the property is joint property acquired during the marriage; there must be urgent reasons to protect the property from potential transfer or concealment; and the seizure must not harm third parties. Failure to meet these requirements, both formally and materially, results in the denial of the marital beslag request. The rejection of marital beslag in Decision Number 533/Pdt. G/2021/PA.Bn and Decision No. 561/Pdt.G/2025/PA.Krw emphasizes that a request for marital beslag could only be granted if it met the formal and material requirements according to the provisions of civil procedural law.

Agriculture as a transitional field towards habitus renewal: Examining the impact of technology and social structural change on rural development in Cibodas, West Java

2025-11-13T17:56:12+07:00

This study examines how social change occurs through the transition to smart farming in Cibodas Village, West Java, Indonesia. Using Pierre Bourdieu's concepts of habitus, capital, and field within a constructivist paradigm, this study employed qualitative methods, including participant observation, in-depth interviews, and analysis of policy documents and training materials related to smart farming. The results show that applying IoT technology for automated irrigation for fertilization and microclimate monitoring in smart farming can simplify agricultural operations and transform farmers' habits and village government structures, orienting them toward the use of advanced technology. This shift occurs as cultural capital based on digital technology is transformed into symbolic capital, thereby increasing sales confidence. This shift is particularly pronounced among young farmers, who utilize digital knowledge to simplify agricultural operations and sales mechanisms. However, for elderly farmers, their lack of literacy skills and limited access to information pose a potential disadvantage in facilitating the Cibodas Village. Agriculture in Cibodas serves as a platform for mobilizing and negotiating various forms of capital. This underscores the need for technology adoption to drive change and promote more equitable social development.

Effectiveness of the policy on converting structural positions to functional positions at the Regional Development Planning Agency (Bappeda) Of Padang City

2025-11-13T17:56:08+07:00

Bureaucratic reform in Indonesia concerning the simplification of structures by transforming positions from structural to functional positions has been issued, starting with SE MenPANRB No. 391/2019 and implemented through PermenPANRB No. 17/2021. However, at the regional level, regulatory synchronization and operational readiness are often imbalanced. This is because the sequence of issuance of laws, regulations, and instructions (for example, the equalization mechanism precedes structural simplification) and the unavailability of adequate technical guidelines cause implementation gaps in the project. The Padang City Bappeda is a relevant case study. The need for 47 new functional positions should be filled, yet only 17 have been fulfilled; even promotions, transfers, and deaths of employees are not balanced with quick filling mechanisms and post-equalization training/certification availability. This study analyzes the effectiveness of the policy using a qualitative descriptive approach through a purposive sample of key officials and civil servants. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and documentation, validated using source triangulation, and analyzed using reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed insufficient formation of functional officers, a mismatch of competency with position, an administrative system that was not efficient and integrated, and the absence of a job map based on workload analysis. Viewed through the lenses of Dunn's framework, dimensions such as effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, responsiveness, and precision have not been optimally achieved in the current study. As a result, the workload was concentrated on a few functional officers, often handling multiple subfields; this, in turn, slowed data/planning services and reduced the quality of strategic decision-making. Therefore, in the face of a shortage of functional officers in Bappeda Kota Padang, it is recommended that the regional government immediately prepare and implement clear and integrated technical regulations on the functional position staffing mechanism.

Boosting budget absorption: How organizational commitment enhances budget implementation in Indonesian local government

2025-11-13T17:56:06+07:00

This study aims to analyze the moderating effect of organizational commitment on budget implementation and absorption in Regional Apparatus Organizations in Southeast Sulawesi Province. The study population comprised all civil servants within the 30 Regional Apparatus Organizations in Southeast Sulawesi Province. Purposive sampling was employed to select participants based on their roles, knowledge, and experience. The sample criteria targeted five key leadership figures from each organization: the Head of Service, Secretary, Head of the Financial Subsection, Head of the Planning Subsection, and Treasurer. Consequently, a total sample of 150 respondents was obtained for this study. Data were collected using questionnaires from October to December 2024. The analysis was conducted using the SPSS 26 PROCESS macro (Version 4.3). The data analysis shows that budget implementation positively and significantly affects budget absorption. Organizational commitment significantly moderates budget implementation and absorption.

Functional cookies from Spinach flour: A community-based food innovation to improve child nutritional status

2025-11-13T17:56:05+07:00

Stunting in early childhood remains a major public health problem that significantly affects growth, cognitive development, and disease susceptibility. One of the key nutritional factors contributing to stunting is iron deficiency, which is closely linked to anemia and metabolic impairment. Spinach is an affordable and locally available source of iron; however, its utilization in innovative food products for children is still limited. This study aimed to develop spinach flour–based cookies as an alternative supplementary food (PMT) to prevent stunting. An experimental design using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three different formulations of spinach flour was applied. Organoleptic evaluation covering appearance, color, texture, aroma, and taste was carried out by trained panelists, and data were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test, followed by the Mann–Whitney test for significant differences. The nutritional composition was further examined using proximate analysis. The findings showed that the addition of spinach flour improved the iron content and dietary fiber levels while maintaining acceptable sensory qualities. Proximate analysis of the selected formula indicated moisture (3.40%), ash (3.14%), fat (28.88%), protein (6.93%), fiber (37.43%), and carbohydrate (57.65%) contents. These results suggest that spinach flour cookies can be a functional and culturally acceptable snack, providing a promising strategy to address iron deficiency and contribute to stunting-prevention programs. Further clinical and community-based trials are recommended to validate their efficacy in improving the nutritional status of children.

Empowerment of MSME groups through the CSR program "Duri Mas (Durian Mesu Andalan Sejahtera)” PT. Pertamina Patra Niaga animation fuel terminal depati amir in Air Mesu Village, Central Bangka Regency

2025-11-13T17:56:03+07:00

The Duri Mas (Durian Mesu Andalan Sejahtera) program is a Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program implemented by PT Pertamina Patra Niaga Aniantion Fuel Terminal Depati Amir in collaboration with the Air Mesu Village Government to develop the potential of local plants into various food products that have additional selling value. This program focuses on empowering MSME groups in the community by providing facilities, cooking equipment, and knowledge and skills in the process of product processing to marketing. The method used in this study is qualitative, with data collection techniques through unstructured interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of the study showed that this program has been running for three years, which has increased the amount of production by three times, energy efficiency by 40% in the production process, reduced the behavior of the younger generation in carrying out illegal tin mining, and increased awareness of protecting the natural environment through the cultivation of quality durian plants.

Relationship between education level and women's participation in family planning programs (case study in Kampung KB, Ungaran Village, Kutowinangun Subdistrict, Kebumen Regency)

2025-11-13T17:56:01+07:00

Uncontrolled population growth has consequences for the increase in birth rates in a region. One of the causes is low community participation, especially among women in family planning programs. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between education level and women's participation in family planning programs. The method used in this study was descriptive with a quantitative approach. The subjects of this study were all women in the fertile age couple category in Kampung KB, Ungaran Village, totaling 63. Research data were obtained through observation, questionnaire distribution, interviews, and documentation. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and the chi-square statistical test. The results of the analysis showed that there was no significant relationship between education level and women's participation in the family planning program (p = 0.069 > 0.05). These findings indicate that education is not a major determinant of women's decisions to participate in family planning programs. Most respondents with high levels of education were young PUS who had not yet planned to use contraceptives. Education continues to play an important role in increasing awareness and understanding of reproductive health, but its influence does not directly determine participation in family planning programs.

Social and cultural relations are inherent in the life of the Semparu Community, Lombok

2025-11-13T17:55:59+07:00

This study examines the social and cultural relations inherent in the lives of the Semparu community in Central Lombok. The Semparu community is known for its strong kinship ties, traditions of mutual cooperation, and cultural practices that form the basis of social cohesion. This study aims to understand how local values function in maintaining solidarity, collective identity, and cultural sustainability amidst the currents of modernization. The method used is a qualitative approach with ethnographic types through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman, and its validity was tested through triangulation of sources and methods. The research findings show that social relations within the Semparu community are built on trust, reciprocity, and solidarity, manifested in collective practices such as gawe (celebrations), community service, and mutual assistance among the community members. This inherent culture is evident in the traditional rituals and life cycle traditions maintained by traditional leaders, religious figures, and village elders as agents of value transmission. However, modernization and globalization present challenges, including shifts in cultural meaning, ambivalence among the younger generation, and the risk of weakening traditional regeneration. Nevertheless, the Semparu community demonstrates cultural resilience by adapting without losing its essence. This research concludes that the inherent social and cultural relations in Semparu are still maintained as social capital and collective identity, despite facing the pressures of modernization. Its sustainability depends on community-based preservation strategies involving community leaders, the younger generation, and cultural education.

Collaborative governance model in the implementation of performance-based village fund allocation in Kalibandung Village, Kubu Raya Regency

2025-11-13T17:55:57+07:00

The Ecology-based District Budget Transfer Policy (TAKE) is an ecological fiscal innovation developed to link financial transfers between government levels and environmental performance at the village level. This study aims to analyze the implementation of TAKE policies in Kalibandung Village, Kubu Raya Regency, and examine the dynamics of collaboration between actors to support performance-based environmental governance. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, this study explores the views and practices of various actors, including regional apparatus organizations (OPDs), village forest management institutions (LPHD), non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and local communities. The analysis is carried out through thematic interpretations that place the Collaborative Governance Framework and Institutional Analysis and Development as the main theoretical lenses. The results of the study show that the implementation of TAKE is influenced by four collaborative dimensions: unequal initial conditions in terms of capacity and access to information; institutional design that is still top-down without deliberative space; strong facilitative leadership at the village level but not yet sustainable at the district level; and collaborative processes that take place partially and have not been institutionalized. These findings confirm that the success of ecological fiscal policies at the local level is not solely determined by the calculation of incentives and technical indicators but by the quality of social interactions, trust, and institutional design that enable collaboration and shared learning. This study contributes to strengthening the theory of Collaborative Governance in the context of village ecological fiscal policy and provides a direction for policy reform towards participatory and sustainable environmental governance.

The effect of social media engagement and product quality on purchase decisions with brand trust as an intervening variable

2025-11-13T17:55:52+07:00

The energy industry, particularly the fuel sector, plays a vital role in supporting Indonesia's economy. Factors such as social media engagement, product quality, and brand trust influence consumers’ purchasing decisions. This study aimed to analyze the direct and indirect effects of social media engagement variables and product quality on purchasing decisions, with brand trust as an intervening variable for PT Shell Indonesia products. The analysis method in this study uses quantitative primary data, and the test stages carried out are the convergent validity, discriminant validity, reliability, R-square, goodness of fit, and path coefficient tests. The data used in this study were collected using a questionnaire instrument, and the valid data collected were from 120 respondents. The sampling method in this study was non-probability sampling with a purposive sampling technique. The testing tool used was Smart PLS. The results showed that Social Media Engagement and Product Quality variables had a direct and indirect effect on Brand Trust and Purchase Decision variables. However, Brand Trust had no direct effect on the Purchasing Decision variable.

Constructing hope in the Katingan River: A phenomenological analysis

2025-11-13T17:55:55+07:00

This phenomenological study examined the lived experiences of vocational high school students engaged in a project-based learning effort designed to alleviate water pollution in the Katingan River through the application of Arduino and Internet of Things (IoT) technology. The research demonstrates a significant transformation in student engagement, evolving from initial bewilderment and reliance on instructor directives to collaborative discovery, peer mentoring, and critical inquiry through observation, recording, and reflective assessment. The study employs Colaizzi’s approach to data analysis to demonstrate that interactive media and experiential learning enhance technical proficiency, ecological consciousness, social accountability, and a profound sense of ownership in the learning process. Reflection served as the fundamental process by which students derived meaning, linking technical work to real-world difficulties and community influences. The results highlight the necessity of incorporating structured reflection into vocational education to foster significant, human-centered, and transformative learning experiences.

Translation and validation of student attitude assessment instrument towards science learning

2025-11-13T17:55:53+07:00

Adapting research instruments presents challenges, as incorrect adaptation can affect the validity and reliability of the measurement. The study aims to adapt an instrument that is available in different languages. The adapted instrument is designed to assess students’ attitudes towards science learning in the classroom. The use of adapted research instruments with other cultures or across cultures affects the results obtained. The method used is back-end translation, followed by a pilot test of the translated instrument with respondents. Back-end translation was performed by translating the original instrument from English to Indonesian. The pilot test was conducted on 85 high school students. The instrument is considered equivalent if there are similarities or if the results of the validity and reliability tests are not significantly different from those of the original instrument. The results of the analysis of the adapted instrument show that it is valid and reliable. Compared with the original instrument, the instrument yielded results similar to those of the original version. These results suggest that the instrument is both equivalent and suitable for assessing students' attitudes towards science learning. The instrument adaptation method can be considered successful.

The impact of talent management practices on teacher retention: A case study of Darunnajah Islamic Boarding School

2025-11-13T17:55:50+07:00

This study examines how talent management practices impact teacher retention at Darunnajah Islamic Boarding School. The examined practices in talent management encompass recruitment and selection processes, teamwork and managerial support, performance and career management, salary and compensation, teacher engagement, and the working conditions. This study employs a quantitative methodology utilizing the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis technique. Data collection involved administering questionnaires to educators who had served for at least one year in their current position. The findings demonstrate that performance and career management, along with working conditions, significantly and positively influence teacher retention. Conversely, the factors of recruitment and selection processes, teamwork and managerial support, salary and compensation, and teacher engagement do not significantly impact teacher retention. The results indicate that teachers’ retention is primarily affected by internal elements associated with opportunities for self-development and a supportive work environment rather than by administrative or financial considerations. This study aims to offer significant insights for decision-makers in Islamic boarding schools, assisting them in crafting more focused talent-management strategies to retain exceptional educators.

The role of risk management on HR team effectiveness: The moderating effect of leadership style

2025-11-13T17:55:48+07:00

The fast-changing business landscape poses challenges for Human Resource (HR) teams in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in terms of risk and performance and maintaining stability in uncertain times. Continuity and team performance depend on effective risk management. Managing risks in the literature has involved HR teams with performance and operational continuity in the business with little or no citations on the HR leadership style, which has been the primary focus of this study. This gap in understanding limits the extent to which businesses can help HR teams improve their operational performance. This study attempts to fill this gap by measuring the effect of risk management on the effectiveness of HR teams and how leadership affects this relationship. For this purpose, a quantitative survey research based on PLS-SEM was conducted on 200 HR employees and Balinese frontline operational workers in SMEs in teams oriented toward the collection of PLS-SEM data in specified domains of operational risk management. The data was collected by means of a survey employing standardized questionnaires and analyzed through focused area PLS-SEM and customized bootstrapping techniques for testing moderation through interaction terms. The results showed that the effectiveness of HR teams can be significantly enhanced through the adoption of appropriate risk management strategies. Furthermore, leadership styles that are more active in a hierarchy not only directly increase team performance but also strengthen the impact of risk management. This integration of perspectives demonstrates the practical applicability of the Resource-Based View alongside Contingency Theory: the context of leadership and organizational resources shapes team output. Looking ahead, the extension of this research could focus on longitudinal designs, additional organizational culture, and employee motivation variables for moderation or mediation, and research on a context larger than SMEs to test the breadth of this conclusion.